TRIK MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL(READING12)
sea cucumber.All living creature,especially human beings
,have their peculiarities,but everything about the little sea
cucumber seems unusual.What else can be said about a
line bizarre animal that,among other eccentricities,eats mud,
feeds almost continuously day and night but can live
(5) without eathing for long periods, and can be poisonous but
is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
For some fifty million years,despite all its eccentricities
the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud.It is
adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet
under rocks in shallow water,or on the surface of mud flats.
(10) Common in cool water on both Atlantic and pacific shores
it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest
whatever nutrients are present.
Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors,ranging
from black to reddish-brown to sand-color and nearly white
One form even has vivit purple tentacles.Usually the
creatures are cucumber-shaped-hence their name-and
(15) because they are typically rock inhabitants,this shape,
combined with flexibility,enables them to squeeze into
crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean
currents.
Although they have voracious appetites,eating day
and night,sea cucumbers have the capacity to become
quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feeding sparingly
or not at all for long periods,so that the marine organisms
(20) that provide their food have a chance to multiply.If it were
not for this faculty,they would devour all the food
available in a short time and would probably starve
thenselves out of existence.
But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber
is the way it defends itself.Its major enemies are fish and
crabs,when attacked,it squirts all its internal organs into the
water.It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles.
The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if
it is attacked or even touched;it will do the same if
surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water
becomes too polluted.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
a.The reason for the sea cucumber’s nameb.What makes the sea cucumber unusual
c.How to identify the sea cucumber
d.Places where the sea cucumber can be found
Jawab:(B)What make the sea cucumber unusual
Key word:no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber
Pembahasan:paragraf dibuka dengan keunikan teripang,yang berlanjut dengan pembahasan mengenai keunikan-keunikan tersebut
2.In line 3,the word “bizarre”is closest meaning to
a.odd
b.marine
c.simple
d.rate
Jawab:(A)odd
Key word:aneh
Penbahasan:bizzare=aneh=odd,marine=laut
simple=sederhana,rare=jarang
3.According to the passage,why is the shape of sea cucumbers important?
a.It helps them to digest their food
b.It helps them to protect themselves from danger
c.It makes it easier for them to move through the mud
d.It makes them attractive to fish.
Jawab:(B)It helps them to protect themselves from danger
Key word:to squeeze into crevices
Pembahasan:Bentuk teripang memungkinkan mereka untuk menghimpit ke celah-celah di mana mereka aman dari predator dan
arus laut
4.The words”this faculty”in line 20 refer to the sea cucumber’s ability to
a.aqueeze into crevices
b.devour all available food in a short time
c.suck up mud or sand
d.live at a low metabolic rate
Jawab:(D)live at a low metabolic rate
Key word:to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate
Pembahasan:teripang mimiliki kemampuan untuk diam dan hidup pada tingkat metabolisme rendah-sedikit makan atau tidak sama sekali untuk waktu yang lama.
5.The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses
a.the reproduction of sea cucumbers
b.the food sources of sea cucumbers
c.the eating habits of sea cucumbers
d.threats to sea cucumbers’s existence
Jawab:(C)the eating habits of sea cucumbers
Key word:they eating day and night
Pembahasan:paragraf keempat bercerita tentang kebiasaan makan teripang baik siang malam ataupun kemampuan metabolisme rendahnya
6.The phrase”casts off” in line 25 is closest in meaning to
a.grows again
b.grabs
c.gets rid of
d.uses as a weapon
Jawab:(C)Gets rid of
key word:menyingkirkan
Pembahasan:casts off=membuang=menyingkirkan,grows again=tumbuh lagi,grabs=diperebutkan,uses as a weapon=menggunakan sebagai senjata.
7.Of all the characteristics of the sea cucumber,which of the following seems to fascinate the author most?
a.What it does when threatened
b.where it lives
c.How it hides from predators
d.What it eats
Jawab:(A)What it does when threatened
Key word:the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself
Pembahasan:menurut penulis hal yang paling spektakuler tentang teripang adalah cara membela dirinya ketika sedang terancam bahaya.
8.Compared with other sea creatures the sea cucumber is very
a.dangerous
b.intelligent
c.strange
d.fat
Jawab:(C)strange
Key word:unik
Pembahasan:strange=unik,dangerous=berbahaya,intelligent=cerdas
fat=gemuk
9.What can be inferred about the defense mecanisms of the sea cucumber?
a.They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli
b.They are almost useless
c.They require group cooperation
d.They are similar to those of most sea creature
Jawab:(A)They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli
Key word:even touched
Pembahasan:Teripang akan mengeluarkan isi perut dan meregenerasi dirinya sendiri jika diserang atau bahkan disentuh
10.Which of the following would not cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water?
a.A touch
b.Food
c.Unusually warm water
d.Pollution
Jawab:(B)Food
Key word:A tough,Unusually warm water,pollution
Pembahasan:Teripang akan mengeluarkan isi perut dan meregenerasi dirinya sendiri jika diserang atau bahkan disentuh,ia akan melakukan hal yang sama jika suhu air sekitarnya terlalu tinggi atau jika air menjadi tercemar.
11.Which of the following is an example of behavior comparable with the sea cucumber living at a low metabolic rate?
a.An octopus defending itself with its tentacles
b.A bear hibernating in the winter
c.A pig eating constantly
d.A parasite living on its host’s blood
Jawab:(B)A bear hibernating in the winter
Key word:a low metabolic rate
Pembahasan:Beruang yang berhibernasi di musim dingin tidak memakan apapun sampai tiba musim semi.
reference
Tim Master Eduka